Factors affecting adherence to CPAP therapy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2024;124(5. Vyp. 2):58-65. doi: 10.17116/jnevro202412405258.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Analysis of factors affecting adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The literature search was carried out using the databases PubMED, Google Scholar, E-library, Cyberleninka for the period 2013-2023 and included reviews and original articles.

RESULTS: The main groups of factors affecting adherence to CPAP therapy in patients with OSA have been established. These include sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors, the severity of OSA and the severity of clinical symptoms, and psychosocial factors. Strategies that can improve adherence were identified (educational technologies for patients, telemedicine technologies, behavioral therapy, modern technical interventions).

CONCLUSION: Factors that improve adherence to CPAP therapy are high levels of education and income, more severe OSA forms accompanied by daytime sleepiness, support from the patient's spouse and social support. Factors such as low levels of education and income, smoking, symptoms of depression and hypochondria, as well as side-effects worsen adherence to CPAP therapy, including refusal to continue treatment. It should be noted that all the identified factors are very closely associated with each other, so it is necessary to evaluate them comprehensively in each patient with OSA.

PMID:38934667 | DOI:10.17116/jnevro202412405258